Latin, which means “for the court”. In appellate courts, it often refers to an unsigned opinion. A bankruptcy case filed either without a timetable or with incomplete schedules listing few creditors and debts. (Face slides are often filed to delay eviction or foreclosure in the chapter of the Insolvency Code that deals with cross-border insolvencies. A court decision in a previous case with facts and points of law similar to a dispute currently pending in court. Judges generally “follow precedents,” that is, they use principles established in previous cases to decide new cases that have similar facts and raise similar legal issues. A judge will disregard precedents if a party can prove that the previous case was ill-decided or that it differs significantly from the current case. Payment of a debt to a creditor within 90 days prior to a debtor`s bankruptcy filing (or within one year if the creditor was an insider) that gives the creditor more than the creditor would receive in the case of the debtor under Chapter 7. Learning English legal vocabulary can make your job much easier, relieve important paperwork, and even expand your international career opportunities. An official of the judiciary who has the power to adjudicate complaints before the courts. The term commonly used judge can also refer to all bailiffs, including Supreme Court judges.
Our company is responsible if something goes wrong with the new model. The chapter of the Bankruptcy Act that provides for the adjustment of the debts of a person with a regular income is often referred to as the “employees” plan. Chapter 13 allows a debtor to keep their assets and use their disposable income to pay off debts over time, usually three to five years. A legal procedure to deal with the debt problems of individuals and companies; in particular, a case filed under one of the chapters of title 11 of the United States Code. Accusing someone of a crime. A prosecutor hears a criminal case on behalf of the government A contract to lease a property without a fixed term. A person or company that files a formal complaint with the court. A civil injustice, not a criminal one. A negligent or intentional breach of person or property, other than breach of contract. A fraudulent transfer of a debtor`s assets or for which the debtor receives less than the value of the transferred assets.
These words and phrases are a great start to improving and building your English legal vocabulary! Take the time to familiarize yourself with these words and practice them, and you will feel more comfortable speaking English and German. Latin, which means “in law”. Something that exists by law. Latin, which means “of one`s own will”. Often designates a court acting in a case without either party asking for it. Here are some of the most common and useful English legal words and phrases you should know! Latin, which means in the chamber of a judge. Often means outside the presence of a jury and the public. In private. Transfer of a debtor`s assets with the debtor`s consent. Money borrowed from a bank or private institution that must be repaid with interest. You will need to use your knowledge of legal English to fill in the missing words and complete the sentences.
A claim that arises in or in connection with insolvency proceedings and begins with the filing of a complaint with the court, i.e. a “proceeding” that takes place in the context of insolvency proceedings. Lists submitted by the debtor with the application (or shortly thereafter) containing the debtor`s assets, liabilities and other financial information. (There are formal forms that a debtor must use.) Non-insolvency proceedings in which an applicant or creditor attempts to submit its claim to a debtor`s future wages. In other words, the creditor requests that part of the debtor`s future salary be paid to him for a debt owed to him. The function of the federal courts that takes place at the beginning of criminal proceedings – after a person has been arrested and charged with a federal crime and before they appear in court. Pre-Investigation Service officials are focusing on investigating the background of these individuals in order to assist the court in deciding whether to release or detain them pending trial. The decision is based on the likelihood that these individuals will flee or pose a threat to the community.
If the court orders release, a pre-trial officer supervises the person in the community until the person returns to court. The exemption of a debtor from personal liability for certain excusable debts. Notable exceptions to excusability include taxes and student loans. Debt relief relieves a debtor of personal liability for certain debts, called excusable debts, and prevents creditors who owe those debts from taking action against the debtor or the debtor`s assets to collect the debts. Debt relief also prohibits creditors from communicating with the debtor about the debt, including through telephone calls, letters and personal contacts. In addition, people who do business with English-speaking companies around the world and even in their own country should be familiar with legal English for contracts. Written statement from a judge on the court`s decision. Since a case may be heard by three or more judges of the Court of Appeal, opinion may take various forms in appeal decisions. If all the judges agree fully on the outcome, one judge writes the opinion for all. If not all judges agree, the formal decision is based on the opinion of the majority, and a member of the majority will write the opinion. Judges who disagreed with the majority may formulate separate dissenting or concurring opinions to express their views.
A dissenting opinion disagrees with the majority opinion because of the reasoning and/or legal principles used by the majority to decide the case. A concurring opinion agrees with the majority opinion`s decision, but offers further comments or clarifications, or even a completely different reason for reaching the same conclusion. Only the majority opinion can serve as a binding precedent in future cases. See also previous. An allegation in an indictment or information accusing an accused of a crime. An indictment or denunciation may contain allegations that the defendant committed more than one crime. Each charge is called an indictment. A declaration by a debtor under Chapter 7 regarding plans for dealing with consumer debts secured by estate assets. Do you work with many contracts in your office? He drove his car onto the sidewalk. No one was injured, so he was charged with negligence. Any manner in which a debtor disposes of or disposes of his assets. “In the manner of a poor man.” Permission from the court for a person to file a case without paying the required court fees because the person cannot pay them.
Latin, which means “you have the body”. A writ of habeas corpus is usually a court order that requires law enforcement to produce a detainee they are holding and to justify the detainee`s continued detention. Federal judges receive habeas corpus petitions from state prison inmates who claim their prosecutor`s office violated state-protected rights in some way. A district court bailiff who conducts initial proceedings in criminal cases, decides criminal cases, conducts numerous preliminary civil and criminal cases on behalf of district judges, and decides civil cases with the consent of the parties. Written statements submitted to the court outlining a party`s legal or factual allegations about the case. A district court may grant either party to civil or criminal proceedings the right to expel a number of potential jurors without cause or explanation. This is a multiple-choice test, so be sure to check the following words and phrases before attempting to complete the test. In this article, you will learn more than 60 of the most important English legal vocabularies for courts and crimes, property law and contracts.
The Sentencing Reform Act 1984 abolished probation in favour of a particular penal system, in which the level of punishment is determined by penal directives. Now, without the possibility of parole, the court-imposed jail sentence is the actual time the person spends in prison. A special condition imposed by the court requires a person to work – without pay – for a civil or non-profit organization. As provided for in the Criminal Law Act, an organization formed within a federal judicial circuit to represent criminal accused who do not have the means to defend themselves adequately. Each organization is overseen by a federal defense attorney appointed by the county Court of Appeals. A bailiff of the United States District Court who is the competent judicial officer in federal bankruptcy cases. Each video includes interactive captions, flashcards, exercises and full transcripts. You`ll practice vocabulary and develop your skills in a targeted way while absorbing English the way native speakers actually use it at work.
FluentU even tracks what you`ve learned and suggests new videos based on that information. The parties to a dispute settle their dispute without judicial proceedings. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party to satisfy at least part of the other party`s claims, but generally do not include an admission of fault.