The rand is legal tender in the common currency area, which includes eSwatini, Lesotho and Namibia. Council Regulation (EC) No 974/98 limits the number of coins that may be offered for payment to fifty. [24] The governments issuing the coins must establish the euro as the sole legal tender. Due to the different legal meanings of the term `legal tender` in different Member States and the possibility for contract law to prevail over legal tender, it is possible for traders to refuse to accept euro banknotes and coins in certain euro area countries (the Netherlands, Germany, Finland and Ireland). [25] National legislation may also impose restrictions on the maximum amounts that can be paid per coin or banknote. The term “legal tender” comes from the Middle French tendre (verbal form), which means “to offer”. The Latin root is tender (stretching), and the meaning of tender as an offer is related to the etymology of the English word “extend” (hold outwards). [5] Legal tender serves exclusively to secure the settlement of debts and does not affect a party`s right to refuse delivery in a transaction. [38] Below are tender notices for South Africa, project information, procurement news, procurement plans, Law`s procurement plans and Legal Global Tenders has one of the largest databases of international and domestic tenders, government procurement news, project information and procurement contracts related to law and the legal sector worldwide.
This section contains tender notices, project information, procurement news, procurement plans, procurement, tenders, tenders from South Africa related to the legal and legal sector. Click here to view tenders from the government, semi-governmental, PSU, etc. of South Africa. Tender Notice by South African Sector/Category The 1¢ and 2¢ coins were withdrawn from circulation from February 1992 but are still legal tender. [15] According to the Economic and Monetary Union Act 1998 of the Republic of Ireland, which replaced the legal tender provisions inherited from Irish law from earlier UK laws, “no person other than the Central Bank of Ireland and persons prescribed by the Minister shall be required to accept more than 50 euro or cent coins in a single transaction”. A counterfeit note is an imitation of a note produced without the legal approval of the government. The production or use of counterfeit notes is illegal and constitutes a form of fraud. The law states that crypto “is not issued by a central bank, but can be exchanged, transmitted or stored electronically by natural and legal persons for the purpose of payment, investment and other forms of use; applies cryptographic techniques; and uses distributed ledger technology. Crypto asset miners and node operators performing functions related to network security and health, as well as persons providing financial services related to non-fungible tokens, will be exempt from compliance with the provisions of the FILE Act. The main purpose of this law is to ensure national acceptance of the U.S.
currency in accordance with constitutional language, which reserves to Congress the power to create a single currency with equal value to all the United States. Although the law provides that the United States money is legal tender and can be accepted for the payment of debts, it does not require the acceptance of cash payments, nor does it provide that the acceptance of cash cannot be restricted. [48] This note is legal tender (literal translation, money for the payment of debts) according to the law. The Swiss franc is also legal tender of the Principality of Liechtenstein, which is linked to Switzerland in a customs union. In 1844, ordinances were passed making Union Bank banknotes legal tender and authorizing the government to issue debt securities in small denominations, creating two groups of legal tender. These bonds were put into circulation, but exchanged at a discount to their face value due to the distrust of the settler population towards the colonial government. In 1845, the British Colonial Office banned the ordinance and the obligations were recalled, but not before first causing panic among the holders. The Swiss franc is the only legal tender in Switzerland. In the 19th century, gold coins were legal tender of any amount, but silver coins were not legal tender for sums greater than 2 pounds or bronze for sums greater than 1 shilling. This provision was retained in a revised form with the introduction of decimal money, and the Currency Act 1971 stipulated that coins over 10 pence became legal tender for the payment of up to £10, non-bronze coins with not more than 10 pence legal tender for the payment of no more than £5.
and bronze coins having legal tender for the payment of not more than 20 pence. Between 1861 and 1874, a number of other banks, including the Bank of New Zealand, the Bank of New South Wales, the National Bank of New Zealand and the Colonial Bank of New Zealand, were incorporated by Parliament and authorized to issue gold-backed banknotes, but these notes were not legal tender. In collaboration with relevant stakeholders, SARB manages ongoing public engagement programs at taxi ranks, shopping malls, schools and community meetings. The team also raises awareness in the countries of the common currency area where the rim is legal tender. In 1901, banknotes in circulation in Australia consisted of banknotes payable in gold coins and issued by merchant banks and Queensland treasury bills. Banknotes circulated in every state except Queensland, but were not legal tender, except for a brief period in 1893 in New South Wales. However, there were certain restrictions on their issuance and other provisions to protect the public. Queensland Treasury notes were issued by the Queensland Government and were legal tender in that state. Banknotes of both categories remained in circulation until 1910, when the Commonwealth Parliament passed the Australian Notes Act 1910 and the Bank Notes Tax Act 1910. The Australian Notes Act of 1910 prohibited the circulation of government notes as currency, and the Bank Notes Tax Act of 1910 imposed a tax of 10% per annum on “all notes issued or reissued by a Commonwealth bank after the enactment of that Act and not repaid”. [18] [19] These laws effectively ended the issuance of banknotes by commercial banks and the Queensland Treasury.
The Reserve Bank Act of 1959 expressly prohibits persons and states “from issuing a bill of exchange or note for the payment of money payable on demand to the holder and intended for circulation.” [20] On the other hand, gold or silver coins need not be legal tender if they are not fiat currency in the jurisdiction in which they are offered in payment. The Currency Act 1965 states (in part): From 2005, banknotes were legal tender for all payments, and $1 and $2 coins were legal tender for payments up to $100, and silver coins 10c, 20c and 50c were legal tender for payments up to $5. These old silver coins were legal tender until October 2006, after which only the new 10c, 20c and 50c coins introduced in August 2006 remained legal. [29] Under U.S. federal law, U.S. dollar cash is a valid and legal offer to pay past debts when offered to a creditor. In contrast, federal law does not require a vendor to accept federal currency or coins as payment for goods or services exchanged at the same time. Therefore, private companies can formulate their own policies on whether or not to accept cash, unless state law provides otherwise. [3] [4] The Indian rupee is de facto legal tender in India.
The Indian rupee is also legal tender in Nepal and Bhutan, but the Nepalese rupee and Bhutanese ngultrum are not legal tender in India.